How do hydroponics work?
In short, hydroponics is a water-based method of farming. The United States Department of Agriculture defines it as a “technique of growing plants using a water-based nutrient solution rather than soil.” This solution contains the essential nutrients that plants need to grow, and is replenished so that the plant is always provided the essentials that it needs. There are 6 main variations of hydroponic farming (see graphic below), but all seek to reduce soil usage and minimize water waste.
The main draw of hydroponics is its versatility and recirculation. Eliminating the need for soil and relying on the same water to continuously grow crops is a sustainable alternative to traditional farming.
Some common issues with hydroponic systems include maintenance and cost of upkeep. No matter what system you use, they require extensive care to ensure plants are getting the proper nutrients and are not rotting in the water systems. Additionally, many systems are expensive to run, and the return on investment is not yet enough for many to justify the costs. As much as it is environmentally friendly, the commercial feasibility is important to consider, especially in urban settings such as Montreal.
Hydroponic Infographic, made by D. Poirier